Inter-AS MPLS VPN Option D is an advanced approach designed to overcome the limitations of traditional Options A, B, and C, offering a BGP-free core while maintaining end-to-end MPLS label switching. Instead of relying on BGP for label exchange at AS boundaries, Option D leverages Segment Routing (SR) or RSVP-TE to achieve seamless inter-AS VPN connectivity.
This method enhances scalability, reduces control plane complexity, and improves convergence times. Ideal for large-scale ISPs and global service providers, Option D ensures efficient VPN transport across multiple AS domains while maintaining strict traffic engineering and QoS policies.
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The default username and password for images used in this course is as follows, however you will hear new passwords during the course if the instructor changes the credentials:
Image name | Username | Password |
IOL images | No username | No password |
CSR1000v | Admin | Admin |
C8000v | Admin | admin |
Viptela devices | Admin | admin |
Windows Server | Administrator | Test123 |
IOS-XR | Admin | Enter new password |
Cisco ASA 802 | no username | no passwd, hit enter |
Cisco ASA 8.4.2, 9.1.5 | no username | no passwd, hit enter |
Cisco ASAv | no username | no passwd, hit enter |
Cisco IPS | cisco | ciscoips123 |
Cisco WSA | admin | ironport |
Cisco ESA | admin | ironport |
Cisco WAAS | admin | default |
Cisco XR9K | Cisco | Cisco |
Cisco NX9K | admin | admin |
